信息发布→ 登录 注册 退出

Matlab绘制散点密度图的教程详解

发布时间:2026-01-11

点击量:
目录
  • 效果
  • 1工具函数完整代码
  • 2参数说明
  • 3使用方式
    • 3.1散点赋色
    • 3.2等高线图
    • 3.3带直方图的散点图
    • 3.4带直方图的等高线图
  • 4使用方式扩展–与ggplot修饰器联动

    效果

    原理也很简单,通过matlab自带的ksdensity获得网格每一点密度,通过密度拟合曲面,再计算每个数据点对应的概率,并将概率映射到颜色即可
    为了怕大家找不到函数这次工具函数放到最前面

    1工具函数完整代码

    function [CData,h,XMesh,YMesh,ZMesh,colorList]=density2C(X,Y,XList,YList,colorList)
    [XMesh,YMesh]=meshgrid(XList,YList);
    XYi=[XMesh(:) YMesh(:)];
    F=ksdensity([X,Y],XYi);
    ZMesh=zeros(size(XMesh));
    ZMesh(1:length(F))=F;
    
    h=interp2(XMesh,YMesh,ZMesh,X,Y);
    if nargin<5
    colorList=[0.2700         0    0.3300
        0.2700    0.2300    0.5100
        0.1900    0.4100    0.5600
        0.1200    0.5600    0.5500
        0.2100    0.7200    0.4700
        0.5600    0.8400    0.2700
        0.9900    0.9100    0.1300];
    end
    colorFunc=colorFuncFactory(colorList);
    CData=colorFunc((h-min(h))./(max(h)-min(h)));
    colorList=colorFunc(linspace(0,1,100)');
    
    function colorFunc=colorFuncFactory(colorList)
    x=(0:size(colorList,1)-1)./(size(colorList,1)-1);
    y1=colorList(:,1);y2=colorList(:,2);y3=colorList(:,3);
    colorFunc=@(X)[interp1(x,y1,X,'pchip'),interp1(x,y2,X,'pchip'),interp1(x,y3,X,'pchip')];
    end
    end
    

    2参数说明

    输入:

    • X,Y 散点坐标
    • XList,YList 用来构造密度曲面网格的序列,其实就是把XLim,YLim分成小份,例如XList=0:0.1:10
    • colorList 颜色表mx3数组,用来构造将高度映射到颜色函数的数据表

    输出:

    • CData各个点对应颜色
    • h 各个点对应核密度
    • XMesh,YMesh,ZMesh 核密度曲面数据
    • colorList 插值后更细密的颜色表

    3使用方式

    假如编写了如下程序:

    PntSet1=mvnrnd([2 3],[1 0;0 2],800);
    PntSet2=mvnrnd([6 7],[1 0;0 2],800);
    PntSet3=mvnrnd([8 9],[1 0;0 1],800);
    
    PntSet=[PntSet1;PntSet2;PntSet3];
    scatter(PntSet(:,1),PntSet(:,2),'filled');
    

    结果:

    3.1散点赋色

    将上面那段代码改写

    PntSet1=mvnrnd([2 3],[1 0;0 2],800);
    PntSet2=mvnrnd([6 7],[1 0;0 2],800);
    PntSet3=mvnrnd([8 9],[1 0;0 1],800);
    
    PntSet=[PntSet1;PntSet2;PntSet3];
    
    CData=density2C(PntSet(:,1),PntSet(:,2),-2:0.1:15,-2:0.1:15);
    scatter(PntSet(:,1),PntSet(:,2),'filled','CData',CData);
    

    3.2等高线图

    PntSet1=mvnrnd([2 3],[1 0;0 2],800);
    PntSet2=mvnrnd([6 7],[1 0;0 2],800);
    PntSet3=mvnrnd([8 9],[1 0;0 1],800);
    
    PntSet=[PntSet1;PntSet2;PntSet3];
    
    
    [~,~,XMesh,YMesh,ZMesh,colorList]=density2C(PntSet(:,1),PntSet(:,2),-2:0.1:12,-2:0.1:12);
    colormap(colorList)
    contourf(XMesh,YMesh,ZMesh,10)
    

    3.3带直方图的散点图

    PntSet1=mvnrnd([2 3],[1 0;0 2],800);
    PntSet2=mvnrnd([6 7],[1 0;0 2],800);
    PntSet3=mvnrnd([8 9],[1 0;0 1],800);
    
    PntSet=[PntSet1;PntSet2;PntSet3];
    
    colorList=[0.9400    0.9700    0.9600
        0.8900    0.9300    0.9200
        0.8200    0.9100    0.8800
        0.6900    0.8500    0.7700
        0.5900    0.7800    0.6900
        0.5500    0.7500    0.6500
        0.4500    0.6500    0.5600
        0.4000    0.5800    0.4900
        0.3500    0.5100    0.4200
        0.2500    0.3600    0.3100
        0.1300    0.1700    0.1400];
    CData=density2C(PntSet(:,1),PntSet(:,2),-2:0.1:15,-2:0.1:15,colorList);
    
    set(gcf,'Color',[1 1 1]);
    
    % 主分布图
    ax1=axes('Parent',gcf);hold(ax1,'on')
    scatter(ax1,PntSet(:,1),PntSet(:,2),'filled','CData',CData);
    ax1.Position=[0.1,0.1,0.6,0.6];
    
    % X轴直方图
    ax2=axes('Parent',gcf);hold(ax2,'on')
    histogram(ax2,PntSet(:,1),'FaceColor',[0.78 0.88 0.82],...
        'EdgeColor','none','FaceAlpha',0.7)
    ax2.Position=[0.1,0.75,0.6,0.15];
    ax2.YColor='none';
    ax2.XTickLabel='';
    ax2.TickDir='out';
    ax2.XLim=ax1.XLim;
    
    % Y轴直方图
    ax3=axes('Parent',gcf);hold(ax3,'on')
    histogram(ax3,PntSet(:,2),'FaceColor',[0.78 0.88 0.82],...
        'EdgeColor','none','FaceAlpha',0.7,'Orientation','horizontal')
    ax3.Position=[0.75,0.1,0.15,0.6];
    ax3.XColor='none';
    ax3.YTickLabel='';
    ax3.TickDir='out';
    ax3.YLim=ax1.YLim;
    

    3.4带直方图的等高线图

    PntSet1=mvnrnd([2 3],[1 0;0 2],800);
    PntSet2=mvnrnd([6 7],[1 0;0 2],800);
    PntSet3=mvnrnd([8 9],[1 0;0 1],800);
    
    PntSet=[PntSet1;PntSet2;PntSet3];
    colorList=[0.9300    0.9500    0.9700
        0.7900    0.8400    0.9100
        0.6500    0.7300    0.8500
        0.5100    0.6200    0.7900
        0.3700    0.5100    0.7300
        0.2700    0.4100    0.6300
        0.2100    0.3200    0.4900
        0.1500    0.2200    0.3500
        0.0900    0.1300    0.2100
        0.0300    0.0400    0.0700];
    [~,~,XMesh,YMesh,ZMesh,colorList]=density2C(PntSet(:,1),PntSet(:,2),-2:0.1:13,-2:0.1:13,colorList);
    
    
    set(gcf,'Color',[1 1 1]);
    % 主分布图
    ax1=axes('Parent',gcf);hold(ax1,'on')
    colormap(colorList)
    contourf(XMesh,YMesh,ZMesh,10,'EdgeColor','none')
    ax1.Position=[0.1,0.1,0.6,0.6];
    ax1.TickDir='out';
    
    % X轴直方图
    ax2=axes('Parent',gcf);hold(ax2,'on')
    [f,xi]=ksdensity(PntSet(:,1));
    fill([xi,xi(1)],[f,0],[0.34 0.47 0.71],'FaceAlpha',...
        0.3,'EdgeColor',[0.34 0.47 0.71],'LineWidth',1.2)
    ax2.Position=[0.1,0.75,0.6,0.15];
    ax2.YColor='none';
    ax2.XTickLabel='';
    ax2.TickDir='out';
    ax2.XLim=ax1.XLim;
    
    % Y轴直方图
    ax3=axes('Parent',gcf);hold(ax3,'on')
    [f,yi]=ksdensity(PntSet(:,2));
    fill([f,0],[yi,yi(1)],[0.34 0.47 0.71],'FaceAlpha',...
        0.3,'EdgeColor',[0.34 0.47 0.71],'LineWidth',1.2)
    ax3.Position=[0.75,0.1,0.15,0.6];
    ax3.XColor='none';
    ax3.YTickLabel='';
    ax3.TickDir='out';
    ax3.YLim=ax1.YLim;
    

    4使用方式扩展–与ggplot修饰器联动

    ggplot风格修饰器:(点击图片跳转链接)

    示例1

    PntSet1=mvnrnd([2 3],[1 0;0 2],800);
    PntSet2=mvnrnd([6 7],[1 0;0 2],800);
    PntSet3=mvnrnd([8 9],[1 0;0 1],800);
    
    PntSet=[PntSet1;PntSet2;PntSet3];
    
    ax=gca;
    ax.XLim=[-1 13];
    ax.YLim=[-1 13];
    ax=ggplotAxes2D(ax);
    
    CData=density2C(PntSet(:,1),PntSet(:,2),0:0.1:15,0:0.1:15);
    scatter(PntSet(:,1),PntSet(:,2),'filled','CData',CData);
    

    是不是瞬间有那味了:

    示例2

    PntSet1=mvnrnd([2 3],[1 0;0 2],800);
    PntSet2=mvnrnd([6 7],[1 0;0 2],800);
    PntSet3=mvnrnd([8 9],[1 0;0 1],800);
    
    PntSet=[PntSet1;PntSet2;PntSet3];
    
    ax=gca;
    ax.XLim=[-3 13];
    ax.YLim=[-3 13];
    ax=ggplotAxes2D(ax);
    
    [~,~,XMesh,YMesh,ZMesh,colorList]=density2C(PntSet(:,1),PntSet(:,2),-2:0.1:12,-2:0.1:12);
    colormap(colorList)
    contourf(XMesh,YMesh,ZMesh,10)
    

    以上就是Matlab绘制散点密度图的教程详解的详细内容,更多关于Matlab散点密度图的资料请关注其它相关文章!

    在线客服
    服务热线

    服务热线

    4008888355

    微信咨询
    二维码
    返回顶部
    ×二维码

    截屏,微信识别二维码

    打开微信

    微信号已复制,请打开微信添加咨询详情!